Seismic Hazards of Puget Sound (SHIPS): Collaborative
Research with U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon State Un.,
Un. of Texas at El Paso, Un. of British Columbia, Un. of Washington, Un. of Victoria,
Pacific Geo- science Center
Project Number: 1434HQ98GR00041 Anne
M. Trehu College of Oceanic and Atmospheric
Sciences Oregon State University
Ocean Admin. Bld. 104 Corvallis,
OR 97331-5503 541-737-2655 (voice)
541-737-2064 (fax) trehu@oce.orst.edu
http://quakes.oce.orst.edu Program
Elements: I and II Key words seismology,
seismotectonics, regional seismic hazards Introduction
The heavily populated Puget Basin is underlain by thick
sequences of Cenozoic sedimentary rocks that
amplify and focus seismic energy, thus increasing ground shaking during an earthquake.
During SHIPS (Seismic Hazards Investigations
of Puget Sound), controlled-source seismic data were acquired in order to
model and map areas of expected strong ground shaking
and to better determine the regional velocity struc- ture
and tectonic framework of the Puget Sound region, including the location, configuration,
and seismic properties of faults that cross
this urban region. This project represents the first phase of SHIPS. Data
were acquired during March, 1998, and include
marine multichannel seismic data, expanding spread profiles, and
ocean-bottom on onshore/offshore large-aperture recording
of marine airgun shots. Over 30,000 airgun array shots
were recorded on a multichannel streamer, 257 Refteks, and 15 ocean-bottom seismometers.
Work at Oregon State University (OSU)
has focussed on the structure beneath the Straits of Juan de Fuca and beneath
the core of the Olympic Mountains. This study provides
new constraints on deformation of the subducting and
overriding plates. While this region is west of the zone of greatest earthquake
activity, understanding the deformation
here is critical for tying the structure beneath Puget Sound to that beneath the
well-imaged continental margin and for
interpreting the tectonic causes of seismicity further east. Experiment:
During SHIPS98, the R/V Thompson towed a 2.4-km-long.
96-channel digital seismic streamer and a 13-gun, 79.3
liter (4838 cu. in.) airgun array through the waterways of the Puget Basin, Strait
of Juan de Fuca, and Strait of Georgia
(figure 1). During the early part of the survey, before deploying the streamer,
it was able to fire a 16-airgun, 110.3
liter (6730 cu. in.) array at a 40 s interval. The airgun shots were also
recorded on 273 REFTEK seismometers (figure
1) and on 15 ocean-bottom seismometers. OSU was responsible for survey-
ing, permitting, deploying and operating 32 stations
on the northern Olympic Peninsula. Most of these stations
recorded clear arrivials from shots in the Straits of Juan de Fuca, Puget Sound
and Hood Canal. The data include
wide-angle reflections from the base of the crust of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath
the Olympic peninsula
and diving waves traveling through the lower crust in this region (figures 2 and
3).