October 6, 2005
SIGNIFICANT EARTHQUAKES OF THE WORLD, 2004
Earthquakes of magnitude 6.5 or greater or ones that caused fatalities, injuries or substantial damage.
BRK--Berkeley. PAS--Pasadena.
DATE ORIGIN TIME GEOGRAPHIC DEPTH MAG SD NO. REGION, ADDITIONAL MAGNITUDES AND COMMENTS
UTC UTC COORDINATES STA
HR MN SEC LAT LONG USED
JAN 01 20 59 31.9 8.310 S 115.788 E 45 5.8 1.0 119 BALI REGION, INDONESIA. MW 5.8 (GS), 5.8 (HRV). mb 5.5 (GS). MS
5.4 (GS). Mo 6.6*10**17 Nm (HRV), 5.6*10**17 Nm (GS). At least
one person killed, 22 injured and 2,000 buildings damaged on
Lombok. At least seven people injured and 4,000 buildings
damaged on Bali. Felt (VI) at Karangasem, Bali and (V) at
Mataram, Lombok.
JAN 03 16 23 21.0 22.253 S 169.683 E 22 G 7.1 1.1 597 SOUTHEAST OF THE LOYALTY ISLANDS. MW 7.1 (HRV), 6.8 (GS). mb 6.4
(GS). MS 7.1 (GS). ME 7.1 (GS). Mo 5.9*10**19 Nm (HRV),
1.6*10**19 Nm (GS), 8.2*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 8.7*10**14 Nm (GS).
Felt on Mare and at Noumea, New Caledonia.
JAN 10 18 38 14.8 36.852 N 3.418 E 10 G 4.5 1.0 190 NORTHERN ALGERIA. mb 4.5 (GS). MS 4.4 (GS). ML 4.6 (LDG). Three
hundred people injured and additional damage to buildings in the
Algiers-Boumerdes area previously weakened by the event of May
21, 2003.
JAN 25 11 43 11.8 16.830 S 174.196 W 130 D 6.7 0.8 732 TONGA. MW 6.7 (GS), 6.7 (HRV). mb 6.4 (GS). ME 6.6 (GS). Mo
1.1*10**19 Nm (GS), 1.1*10**19 Nm (HRV). Es 1.6*10**14 Nm (GS).
Felt in the Vava'u Group.
JAN 28 22 15 30.7 3.120 S 127.400 E 17 6.7 1.1 243 SERAM, INDONESIA. MW 6.7 (GS), 6.7 (HRV). mb 6.0 (GS). MS 6.5
(GS). ME 7.0 (GS). ML 6.7 (DJA). Mo 1.2*10**19 Nm (GS),
1.1*10**19 Nm (HRV), 9.1*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es 6.4*10**14 Nm (GS).
Felt (V) at Namlea, Buru and (II) on Ambon. A local tsunami was
observed at Namlea.
FEB 04 11 59 47.6 8.358 N 82.877 W 29 D 6.1 0.9 465 PANAMA-COSTA RICA BORDER REGION. MW 6.1 (GS), 6.1 (HRV). mb 5.6
(GS). MS 5.9 (GS). ME 6.8 (GS). Mo 1.6*10**18 Nm (HRV),
1.5*10**18 Nm (GS). Es 3.1*10**14 Nm (GS). Four people injured,
three houses damaged and a bridge collapsed in Chiriqui, Panama.
Felt in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Felt strongly in southern Costa
Rica, the Valle Central and at Limon.
FEB 05 21 05 02.8 3.615 S 135.538 E 17 7.0 1.0 367 PAPUA, INDONESIA. MW 7.0 (HRV), 6.8 (GS). mb 6.1 (GS). MS 7.1
(GS). ME 6.7 (GS). Mo 3.4*10**19 Nm (HRV), 1.8*10**19 Nm (GS),
7.2*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 2.8*10**14 Nm (GS). At least 37 people
killed, 682 injured, 2,678 buildings damaged or destroyed and
nine bridges damaged in the epicentral area. The airport runway
was damaged and power outages occurred in the Nabire area. Felt
(VI) at Nabire, (V) at Enarotali and (IV) at Manokwari. Also
felt at Tembagapura.
FEB 07 02 42 35.2 4.003 S 135.023 E 10 G 7.3 1.0 390 NEAR THE SOUTH COAST OF PAPUA, INDONESIA. MW 7.3 (GS), 7.3 (HRV),
7.1 (OBN). mb 6.2 (GS). MS 7.5 (GS). ME 7.5 (GS). Mo 9.7*10**19
Nm (GS), 1.0*10**20 Nm (HRV), 7.2*10**20 Nm (PPT), 5.0*10**19 Nm
(OBN). Es 4.0*10**15 Nm (GS). Additional damage in the Nabire
area.
FEB 08 08 58 51.8 3.665 S 135.339 E 26 6.7 1.1 256 PAPUA, INDONESIA. MW 6.7 (HRV), 6.5 (GS). mb 5.7 (GS). MS 6.9
(GS). ME 6.6 (GS). Mo 7.2*10**18 Nm (GS), 1.2*10**19 Nm (HRV).
Es 1.5*10**14 Nm (GS). Felt (VI) at Nabire.
FEB 11 08 15 03.8 31.675 N 35.551 E 27 D 5.3 0.9 386 DEAD SEA REGION. MW 5.3 (HRV). mb 5.1 (GS). MS 4.8 (GS). ML 5.2
(GII). Mo 1.1*10**17 Nm (HRV). Four people injured in western
Jordan and a landslide occurred at Ma'in. Minor damage to
buildings at Jerusalem, Petah-Tiqwa, Tel Aviv and in the Nablus
area. Felt from Cairo, Egypt to Lebanon.
FEB 14 10 30 22.1 34.774 N 73.216 E 11 G 5.5 0.9 353 PAKISTAN. MW 5.5 (GS), 5.4 (HRV). mb 5.4 (GS). MS 5.2 (GS). Mo
1.9*10**17 Nm (GS), 1.6*10**17 Nm (HRV). At least 24 people
killed, including 14 by landslides, and about 40 injured in the
Balakot-Batgram-Mansehra area. More than 1,420 buildings
collapsed, 5,379 damaged and roads cracked and blocked by
landslides in the area. About 20 percent of water wells damaged
in Manshera. Felt throughout the North-West Frontier Province.
Power and telephone cables damaged at Srinagar, Kashmir. Also
felt at Gulmarg, Kashmir and Kabul, Afghanistan.
FEB 14 11 56 57.5 34.798 N 73.206 E 11 G 5.4 0.8 369 PAKISTAN. MW 5.4 (GS), 5.3 (HRV). mb 5.4 (GS). MS 5.1 (GS). Mo
1.2*10**17 Nm (GS), 1.1*10**17 Nm (HRV). Casualties and damage
included with the event at 10:30 UTC.
FEB 16 14 44 39.9 0.466 S 100.655 E 56 5.1 0.9 199 SOUTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA. MW 5.1 (HRV). mb 5.2 (GS). MS 4.5
(GS). Mo 4.6*10**16 Nm (HRV). At least 5 people killed, 7
injured and more than 100 houses damaged in the Padangpanjang
area. Felt (V) at Padangpanjang; (IV) at Batusangkar, Bukittingi
and Padang; (II) at Pekanbaru.
FEB 21 02 34 42.7 58.425 S 14.963 W 10 G 6.6 1.3 102 EAST OF THE SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS. MW 6.6 (GS), 6.6 (HRV). mb
6.0 (GS). MS 6.5 (GS). Mo 9.5*10**18 Nm (HRV), 8.4*10**18 Nm
(GS), 1.5*10**19 Nm (PPT).
FEB 22 06 46 27.0 1.559 S 100.488 E 42 G 6.0 0.8 611 SOUTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA. MW 6.0 (GS), 6.0 (HRV). mb 6.3 (GS).
MS 5.7 (GS). ME 6.3 (GS). Mo 1.3*10**18 Nm (GS), 1.2*10**18 Nm
(HRV). Es 6.6*10**13 Nm (GS). One person injured, four houses
badly damaged and many houses slightly damaged in Pesisir
Selatan. Felt (V) at Padang and (III) at Bengkulu, Bukittinggi,
Kapahiang and Padangpanjang. Felt on Singapore.
FEB 24 02 14 34.0 3.393 S 29.558 E 10 A 4.7 1.0 71 BURUNDI. mb 4.7 (GS). Three people killed and at least 24 houses
destroyed at Ruyaga. Felt strongly at Bujumbura. Also felt at
Bukavu, Congo; Kigali, Rwanda; Kabanga, Tanzania.
FEB 24 02 27 46.2& 35.142 N 3.997 W 0 G 6.4 786 STRAIT OF GIBRALTAR. . MW 6.4 (GS), 6.4 (HRV). mb 6.2 (GS).
MS 6.4 (GS). ME 6.9 (GS). Mo 4.8*10**18 Nm (GS), 3.9*10**18 Nm
(HRV). Es 5.9*10**14 Nm (GS). At least 628 people killed, 926
injured, 2,539 homes destroyed and more than 15,000 people
homeless in the Al Hoceima-Imzourene-Beni Abdallah area,
Morocco. Maximum intensity IX in the Imzourene-Ait Kamra area.
Ground cracks and landslides were observed between Ajdir and
Beni Abdallah and maximum horizontal acceleration of 0.24g was
recorded near Imzourene. Felt from Tetouan to Nador and as far
south as Fes. Felt (V) at Melilla and (III) in many parts of
southern Spain from Algeciras to Roquetas de Mar. Felt (II) at
Cordoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaen and Madrid. Also felt in
Gibraltar. Several aftershocks killed at least three people and
destroyed previously weakened buildings. This earthquake
occurred near the eastern end of the Rif mountain belt, which is
part of the diffuse boundary between the African and Eurasian
plates. The moment tensors and pattern of surface cracks
indicate left-lateral strike-slip faulting on a buried NE-SW
trending fault. This quake occurred near the epicenter of the
magnitude 6.0 Al Hoceima earthquake of May 26, 1994, that
injured one person and caused significant damage to adobe
buildings. Special reports for this earthquake are available on
the website http://www.emsc-csem.org.
FEB 25 12 44 57.4 35.278 N 4.113 W 10 D 5.3 1.1 283 STRAIT OF GIBRALTAR. MW 5.3 (HRV). mb 4.9 (GS). MS 4.9 (GS). Mo
8.9*10**16 Nm (HRV). Casualties and damage are included with the
event at 02:24 UTC. Felt (III) at Melilla and (II) at Estepona,
Spain.
FEB 26 12 07 04.2 35.233 N 4.182 W 11 D 5.0 1.1 272 STRAIT OF GIBRALTAR. MW 5.0 (HRV). mb 4.8 (GS). MS 4.5 (GS). Mo
3.1*10**16 Nm (HRV). Casualties and damage are included with the
event at 02:24 UTC. Felt (III) at Melilla and (II) at
Benalmedena, Spain.
MAR 01 23 55 19.0& 38.058 N 38.277 E 5 G 3.8 6 EASTERN TURKEY. . MD 3.8 (ISK). At least six people killed
and two injured at Celikhan.
MAR 07 06 37 52.2& 35.036 N 4.022 W 0 G 5.1 274 STRAIT OF GIBRALTAR. . MW 5.1 (HRV). mb 4.8 (GS). MS 4.7
(GS). Mo 4.7*10**16 Nm (HRV). Casualties and damage are included
with the event of February 24, 2004 at 02:24 UTC. Felt (V) at Al
Hoceima, Morocco. Felt (III) at Melilla and (II) at Malaga,
Spain.
MAR 24 01 53 49.4 45.382 N 118.256 E 19 D 5.5 0.9 447 EASTERN NEI MONGOL, CHINA. MW 5.5 (GS), 5.4 (HRV). mb 5.6 (GS).
MS 5.2 (GS). ME 5.5 (GS). Mo 1.9*10**17 Nm (GS), 1.3*10**17 Nm
(HRV). Es 3.8*10**12 Nm (GS). At least 100 people injured and
38,000 buildings damaged in the Bayan Ul Hot-Uliastai area. Felt
at Chaoyang, Chengde and Baicheng. Damage from this earthquake
and the aftershocks estimated at 74 million U.S. dollars.
MAR 25 19 30 49.0 39.930 N 40.812 E 10 G 5.6 1.1 237 EASTERN TURKEY. MW 5.6 (GS), 5.6 (HRV). mb 5.0 (GS). MS 5.4 (GS).
Mo 3.3*10**17 Nm (HRV), 2.4*10**17 Nm (GS). At least ten people
killed, 46 injured and 45 buildings damaged or destroyed in
Erzurum.
MAR 28 03 51 10.0& 39.847 N 40.874 E 5 5.6 509 EASTERN TURKEY. . MW 5.6 (HRV), 5.5 (GS). mb 5.3 (GS). MS
5.3 (GS). ML 5.3 (ISK). Mo 2.8*10**17 Nm (HRV), 2.1*10**17 Nm
(GS). At least 12 people injured, more than 50 buildings in 10
villages damaged or destroyed and many livestock killed in the
Askale area.
APR 03 23 02 00.8 36.428 N 141.008 E 31 G 6.0 0.7 528 NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 6.0 (HRV), 5.9 (GS). mb
5.7 (GS). MS 5.6 (GS). ME 5.6 (GS). Mo 8.9*10**17 Nm (GS),
1.0*10**18 Nm (HRV). Es 5.8*10**12 Nm (GS). At least one person
slightly injured at Naka. Felt strongly in Chiba, Fukushima,
Ibaraki, Miyagi, Saitama and Tochigi Prefectures. Felt in much
of east-central Honshu. Recorded (4 JMA) in Ibaraki and Tochigi;
(3 JMA) in Chiba, Fukushima, Gumma, Miyagi, Saitama and Tokyo;
(2 JMA) in Iwate, Kanagawa, Nagano, Niigata, Shizuoka, Yamagata
and Yamanashi; (1 JMA) in Akita and Aomori Prefectures.
APR 05 21 24 04.0 36.512 N 71.029 E 187 D 6.6 1.0 728 HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. MW 6.6 (GS), 6.5 (HRV). mb 6.4
(GS). ME 6.4 (GS). Mo 7.5*10**18 Nm (GS), 6.3*10**18 Nm (HRV).
Es 8.2*10**13 Nm (GS). At least one person killed in the Shahr-e
Bozorg area and two people killed at Kabul. At least five people
injured in Pakistan. Felt at Delhi and Guragon, India; Srinagar,
Kashmir; Islamabad and Lahore, Pakistan. Felt (IV) at Termiz and
(III) at Andijon, Fargona, Namangan and Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
APR 09 15 23 35.0 13.174 S 167.198 E 228 D 6.5 1.1 424 VANUATU. MW 6.5 (GS), 6.4 (HRV). mb 5.8 (GS). ME 5.5 (GS). Mo
5.5*10**18 Nm (GS), 5.0*10**18 Nm (HRV). Es 3.4*10**12 Nm (GS).
APR 13 21 47 23.0& 40.729 N 31.629 E 5 4.1 116 WESTERN TURKEY. . mb 4.1 (GS). ML 4.6 (ISK). Four people
injured jumping from buildings in the Bolu area.
APR 23 01 50 30.2 9.362 S 122.839 E 66 D 6.7 1.1 386 SAVU SEA. MW 6.7 (GS), 6.7 (HRV). mb 6.5 (GS). ME 6.5 (GS). Mo
1.1*10**19 Nm (GS), 1.1*10**19 Nm (HRV), 9.5*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es
1.4*10**14 Nm (GS). Minor damage at Kupang, Timor. Felt (IV) at
Maumere and (II) at Rote, Flores; (III) at Sabu, Timor; (III) at
Waingapu, Sumba. Felt in much of Timor. Also felt at Darwin,
Kununurra and Wyndham, Australia.
MAY 01 07 56 13.6 24.081 N 121.611 E 45 5.2 0.9 191 TAIWAN. MW 5.2 (HRV). mb 5.2 (GS). MS 5.1 (GS). Mo 7.3*10**16 Nm
(HRV). At least 2 people killed and 1 injured by a rockslide in
Hua-lien County. A bridge collapsed at Taroko Gorge National
Park. Felt in most parts of the island. Recorded (7 TAP) in Hua-
lien; (5 TAP) in I-lan; (3 TAP) in Nan-t'ou, T'ai-chung and Yun-
lin; (2 TAP) in Chia-i, Hsin-chu, Miao-li, T'ai-pei, T'ai-tung
and T'ao-yuan; (1 TAP) in Kao-hsiung and T'ai-nan.
MAY 03 04 36 50.0 37.695 S 73.406 W 21 G 6.6 1.3 282 BIO-BIO, CHILE. MW 6.6 (GS), 6.6 (HRV). mb 5.9 (GS). MS 6.5 (GS).
ME 6.3 (GS). ML 6.4 (GUC). Mo 8.4*10**18 Nm (GS), 1.0*10**19 Nm
(HRV), 8.4*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es 5.9*10**13 Nm (GS). Minor damage
(VI) and power outages occurred at Canete. Felt (VI) at Angol,
Concepcion, Los Angeles, Talcahuano and Victoria; (V) at Lebu,
Lonquimay, Temuco, Valdivia and Villarica; (IV) at Cauquenes,
Chillan, Linares and Talca; (III) at Curico, Osorno, Rancagua
and San Fernando; (II) at Santiago. Also felt at Chiguayante.
MAY 08 20 11 44.2 30.126 N 67.121 E 10 G 4.5 1.4 58 PAKISTAN. mb 4.5 (GS). At least one person killed, about 30
injured and minor damage to some buildings in the Quetta area.
MAY 28 12 38 44.4 36.290 N 51.610 E 17 G 6.3 0.9 732 NORTHERN IRAN. MW 6.3 (HRV), 6.2 (GS). mb 6.2 (GS). MS 6.3 (GS).
ME 6.2 (GS). Mo 3.7*10**18 Nm (HRV), 2.5*10**18 Nm (GS). Es
3.8*10**13 Nm (GS). At least 35 people killed, 400 injured and
many buildings damaged in Mazandaran and Qazvin Provinces. Some
of the deaths were caused by landslides on the Tehran-Chalus
road. Minor damage reported in Tehran. Felt in much of central
and northern Iran. Felt (IV) at Lankaran and (III) at Baku,
Azerbaijan. Felt (II) at Makhachkala, Russia.
MAY 29 20 56 09.6 34.251 N 141.406 E 16 G 6.5 1.0 352 OFF THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 6.5 (GS), 6.3 (HRV). mb
5.6 (GS). MS 6.6 (GS). ME 6.3 (GS). Mo 6.9*10**18 Nm (GS),
3.2*10**18 Nm (HRV). Es 7.4*10**13 Nm (GS). Felt along the coast
of eastern Honshu. Recorded (1 JMA) in Chiba, Kanagawa, Miyagi
and Shizuoka Prefectures.
JUN 10 15 19 57.7 55.682 N 160.003 E 189 D 6.9 0.8 798 KAMCHATKA PENINSULA, RUSSIA. MW 6.9 (GS), 6.9 (HRV). mb 6.1 (GS).
ME 6.5 (GS). Mo 2.9*10**19 Nm (GS), 2.3*10**19 Nm (HRV),
4.1*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 1.4*10**14 Nm (GS). Felt (IV) at
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy.
JUN 28 09 49 47.0& 54.800 N 134.250 W 20 G 6.8 772 QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS REGION. . MW 6.8 (GS), 6.8 (HRV),
6.7 (OBN). mb 5.9 (GS). MS 6.8 (GS). ME 6.8 (GS). Mo 1.9*10**19
Nm (GS), 1.9*10**19 Nm (HRV), 2.8*10**19 Nm (PPT), 1.2*10**19 Nm
(OBN). Es 3.1*10**14 Nm (GS). Felt strongly on the northern
Queen Charlotte Islands. Also felt throughout the rest of the
Queen Charlotte Islands and along the northwest coast of British
Columbia at Kitimat, Prince Rupert, Stewart and Terrace. Felt
(VI) at Craig; (V) at Klawock, Metlakatla and Petersburg; (IV)
at Hyder, Juneau and Ketchikan; (III) at Sitka and Wrangell,
Alaska.
JUL 01 22 30 09.3 39.766 N 43.979 E 5 G 5.1 1.1 422 EASTERN TURKEY. MW 5.1 (HRV). mb 5.4 (GS). MS 4.8 (GS). Mo
5.6*10**16 Nm (HRV). At least 18 people killed and 21 injured in
the Dogubeyazit area.
JUL 12 13 04 07.1 46.296 N 13.641 E 8 5.2 1.0 476 SLOVENIA. MW 5.2 (HRV). mb 5.0 (GS). MS 4.9 (GS). ML 5.7 (STR),
5.6 (LDG), 5.6 (BRG), 5.5 (FBB), 5.5 (FUR), 5.4 (ZAMG), 5.4
(PDG), 4.9 (LJU). Mo 7.1*10**16 Nm (HRV). One person killed and
5 injured by a rockslide in the Bovec area. Some houses
destroyed and others damaged at Kobarid. Felt in Ljubljana. Felt
in northeastern Italy as far south as Venice and southern
Austria as far northeast as Vienna. Also felt at Zagreb,
Croatia; Munich, Germany; Prague, Czech Republic.
JUL 15 04 27 14.7 17.656 S 178.760 W 566 D 7.1 0.9 208 FIJI REGION. MW 7.1 (HRV), 7.0 (GS). mb 6.4 (GS). ME 6.6 (GS). Mo
4.8*10**19 Nm (HRV), 4.1*10**19 Nm (GS). Es 2.1*10**14 Nm (GS).
JUL 18 04 22 22.6& 38.000 S 176.510 E 5 5.6 92 NORTH ISLAND OF NEW ZEALAND. . MW 5.6 (GS), 5.4 (HRV). mb
5.1 (GS). MS 5.1 (GS). Mo 2.5*10**17 Nm (GS), 1.5*10**17 Nm
(HRV). One person killed and two injured in the Rotorua-Tauranga
area. Five houses heavily damaged at Lake Roto Ma. Landslides
occurred on the highway between Lake Rotoiti and Lake Roto Ma.
Felt from Tauranga to Whakatane. This is the largest of a series
of earthquakes in the Lake Rotoiti area.
JUL 18 08 31 45.8 33.426 N 69.524 E 10 G 5.2 1.4 216 CENTRAL AFGHANISTAN. MW 5.2 (HRV). mb 5.1 (GS). MS 4.8 (GS). Mo
6.7*10**16 Nm (HRV). Two people killed, 40 injured and hundreds
of houses destroyed in Paktia Province.
JUL 25 14 35 19.0 2.427 S 103.981 E 582 D 7.3 0.9 641 SOUTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA. MW 7.3 (GS), 7.3 (HRV). mb 6.8 (GS).
ME 7.4 (GS). Mo 9.8*10**19 Nm (GS), 1.0*10**20 Nm (HRV). Es
3.1*10**15 Nm (GS). Felt (IV) at Bengkulu and (III) at
Padangpanjang. Felt (III) at Bandung, Bogor, Sawahan and
Sukabumi; (II) at Jakarta, Java. Also felt (III) at Mataram,
Lombok. Felt throughout Bali, Java, Lombok and Sumatra. Also
felt in southern Johor, Malaysia and in Singapore.
JUL 28 03 56 28.6 0.443 S 133.091 E 13 D 6.5 1.1 305 NEAR THE NORTH COAST OF PAPUA, INDONESIA. MW 6.5 (HRV), 6.4 (GS).
mb 6.0 (GS). MS 6.3 (GS). ME 6.4 (GS). Mo 6.3*10**18 Nm (HRV),
4.6*10**18 Nm (GS). Es 9.8*10**13 Nm (GS). Felt (IV) at
Manokwari and Sorong.
JUL 30 07 14 07.8& 39.634 N 43.966 E 5 4.8 132 EASTERN TURKEY. . mb 4.8 (GS). MS 4.0 (GS). At least one
person killed, 5 injured and some houses damaged in the
Dogubeyazit area.
AUG 04 03 01 07.5 36.833 N 27.815 E 10 G 5.6 1.3 412 DODECANESE ISLANDS, GREECE. MW 5.6 (HRV), 5.5 (GS). mb 5.1 (GS).
MS 5.2 (GS). ML 5.4 (ATH). Mo 2.4*10**17 Nm (HRV), 1.9*10**17 Nm
(GS). Fifteen people injured at Bodrum, Turkey. Felt at Akyaka,
Datca, Didim, Fethiye, Gocek, Marmaris and Mugla, Turkey. Also
felt on Kos and Rhodes.
AUG 10 01 47 32.8 36.444 N 70.796 E 207 D 6.0 0.9 492 HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. MW 6.0 (GS), 6.0 (HRV). mb 5.3
(GS). Mo 1.2*10**18 Nm (HRV), 1.1*10**18 Nm (GS). At least two
people injured in Mansehra, Pakistan. Felt in Balkh, Kabul,
Kondoz and Takhar, Afghanistan. Also felt at Chitral, Islamabad,
Lahore, Peshawar, Rawalpindi and Swat, Pakistan; Gurgaon, India;
and Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. Felt (IV) at Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
Also felt (IV) at Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Felt (II) at Shymkent,
Kazakhstan.
AUG 10 10 26 14.7 27.266 N 103.873 E 6 * 5.4 1.2 203 SICHUAN-YUNNAN-GUIZHOU REGION, CHINA. MW 5.4 (HRV). mb 5.1 (GS).
MS 5.1 (GS). Mo 1.2*10**17 Nm (HRV). At least 4 people killed,
nearly 200 seriously injured, 400 slightly injured, more than
120,000 homeless, 18,556 houses destroyed and 65,601 damaged in
Ludian County, Yunnan. Twenty-two reservoirs damaged in Yunnan
Province.
AUG 11 15 48 26.8 38.377 N 39.261 E 7 5.7 1.1 487 EASTERN TURKEY. MW 5.7 (HRV), 5.6 (GS). mb 5.3 (GS). MS 5.5 (GS).
Mo 3.6*10**17 Nm (HRV), 2.8*10**17 Nm (GS). One person killed,
11 people injured and several houses damaged in the Elazig-
Sivrice area.
AUG 28 13 41 25.6& 35.173 S 70.525 W 5 6.5 349 MAULE, CHILE. . MW 6.5 (GS), 6.5 (HRV). mb 6.1 (GS). MS 6.3
(GS). ME 5.9 (GS). ML 6.2 (GUC). MD 6.2 (SJA). Mo 7.2*10**18 Nm
(HRV), 6.7*10**18 Nm (GS), 9.0*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es 1.8*10**13 Nm
(GS). Power outages occurred at Cauquenes, Curico, San Javier
and Talca. Felt (VI) at Curico, Romeral, Talca and Vichuquen;
(V) at Cauquenes, Linares, Quillota, Rancagua, Santiago,
Valparaiso and Vina del Mar; (IV) at Chillan, Concepcion, Los
Andes, Quilpue and San Felipe; (III) at Cabildo; (II) at Los
Angeles. Also felt (IV) at General Alvear and San Rafael; (III)
at Mendoza, Neuquen and Santa Rosa; (II) at Buenos Aires and
Cordoba, Argentina.
SEP 05 10 07 07.8 33.070 N 136.618 E 14 G 7.2 0.9 643 NEAR S. COAST OF WESTERN HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 7.2 (HRV), 7.0 (GS),
7.3 (OBN), 7.2 (NIED). mb 6.7 (GS). MS 7.0 (GS). ME 7.5 (GS). Mo
7.8*10**19 Nm (HRV), 4.0*10**19 Nm (GS), 8.8*10**19 Nm (OBN),
7.5*10**19 Nm (NIED), 5.2*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 3.7*10**15 Nm
(GS). At least four people injured in the Kyoto area. Felt in
much of southwestern Japan and as far northeast as Tokyo. A
local tsunami was generated with maximum recorded wave heights
(peak-to-trough) of 63 cm on Kozu-shima and 34 cm at Kushimoto.
Recorded (5L JMA) in Mie, Nara and Wakayama; (4 JMA) in Aichi,
Gifu, Hyogo, Kyoto, Osaka and Shiga; (3 JMA) in Chiba, Fukui,
Hiroshima, Kanagawa, Nagano, Okayama, Shimane, Shizuoka, Tokyo,
Tottori and Yamanashi; (2 JMA) in Gumma, Ishikawa, Saitama,
Tochigi, Toyama and Yamaguchi; (1 JMA) in Ibaraki, Miyagi and
Niigata Prefectures. Recorded (3 JMA) in Kagawa, Kochi and
Tokushima; (2 JMA) in Ehime Prefectures, Shikoku. Recorded (1
JMA) in Kagoshima, Kumamoto, Miyazaki and Oita Prefectures,
Kyushu. Also recorded (3 JMA) on Kozu-shima, Nii-jima and O-
shima; (2 JMA) on Hachijo-jima, Mikura-jima and Miyake-jima; (1
JMA) on Dogo and in the Dozen Islands.
SEP 05 14 57 18.6 33.184 N 137.071 E 10 G 7.4 0.9 594 NEAR THE SOUTH COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 7.4 (GS), 7.4 (HRV),
7.5 (NIED). mb 6.2 (GS). MS 7.1 (GS). ME 7.4 (GS). Mo 1.5*10**20
Nm (HRV), 1.2*10**20 Nm (GS), 1.7*10**20 Nm (NIED), 1.1*10**20
Nm (PPT). Es 3.3*10**15 Nm (GS). About forty people injured in
the Kyoto area. Felt in much of southwestern Japan and as far
northeast as Tokyo. A local tsunami was generated with maximum
recorded wave heights (peak-to-trough) of 93 cm on Kozu-shima
and 86 cm at Kushimoto. Power outages occured at Wakayama and a
fire occurred at Sakai. Recorded (5L JMA) in Wakayama and Mie;
(4 JMA) in Aichi, Fukui, Gifu, Hyogo, Kyoto, Nara, Osaka, Shiga
and Tottori; (3 JMA) in Chiba, Hiroshima, Ishikawa, Kanagawa,
Nagano, Okayama, Shimane, Shizuoka, Tokyo and Yamanashi; (2 JMA)
in Gumma, Ibaraki, Niigata, Saitama, Tochigi and Yamaguchi; (1
JMA) in Miyagi Prefectures. Recorded (3 JMA) in Kagawa, Kochi
and Tokushima; (2 JMA) in Ehime Prefectures, Shikoku. Recorded
(1 JMA) in Fukuoka, Kumamoto, Miyazaki, Oita and Saga
Prefectures, Kyushu. Also recorded (3 JMA) on Hachijo-jima, Kozu-
shima, Miyake-jima, Nii-jima and O-shima; (2 JMA) on Dogo,
Mikura-jima and in the Dozen Islands; (1 JMA) on Sadago-shima.
SEP 06 12 42 59.3 55.372 S 28.976 W 10 G 6.9 1.1 233 SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS REGION. MW 6.9 (GS), 6.8 (HRV). mb 6.0
(GS). MS 6.5 (GS). Mo 2.5*10**19 Nm (GS), 1.7*10**19 Nm (HRV),
2.0*10**19 Nm (PPT).
SEP 06 23 29 35.0 33.205 N 137.227 E 10 G 6.6 0.8 478 NEAR THE SOUTH COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 6.6 (HRV), 6.5 (GS),
6.5 (NIED). mb 6.4 (GS). MS 6.3 (GS). ME 6.5 (GS). Mo 6.3*10**18
Nm (GS), 1.0*10**19 Nm (HRV), 6.4*10**18 Nm (PPT), 6.0*10**18 Nm
(NIED). Es 1.2*10**14 Nm (GS). Felt in southwestern Honshu from
Kobe to Tokyo. Recorded (4 JMA) in Osaka, Mie, Shizuoka and
Wakayama; (3 JMA) in Aichi, Fukui, Hyogo, Kanagawa, Kyoto, Nara,
Shiga, Tottori and Yamanashi; (2 JMA) in Chiba, Hiroshima,
Ishikawa, Nagano, Okayama, Saitama, Shimane, Tokyo and Toyama;
(1 JMA) in Gumma, Miyagi, Niigata and Yamaguchi Prefectures.
Recorded (3 JMA) in Tokushima and (2 JMA) in Ehime, Kagawa and
Kochi Prefectures, Shikoku. Also recorded (3 JMA) on Kozu-shima,
Nii-jima and O-shima; (2 JMA) on Aoga-shima, Hachijo-jima,
Mikura-jima and Miyake-jima.
SEP 07 11 53 06.1 28.573 S 65.840 W 22 D 6.4 0.8 360 CATAMARCA, ARGENTINA. MW 6.4 (GS), 6.1 (HRV). mb 6.1 (GS). MS 6.1
(GS). ME 6.3 (GS). Mo 4.2*10**18 Nm (GS), 1.7*10**18 Nm (HRV),
1.4*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es 5.8*10**13 Nm (GS). At least one person
killed, several people injured and some buildings damaged (VI)
at Catamarca. Felt (III) at San Juan. Felt as far east as Buenos
Aires and in parts of Chile.
SEP 07 12 15 49.7 34.682 N 103.781 E 10 A 5.2 0.8 108 GANSU, CHINA. mb 5.2 (GS). At least nineteen people injured, 600
houses destroyed and more than 3,800 houses damaged in Gansu
Province.
SEP 15 08 35 10.8 8.773 S 115.357 E 98 5.4 1.1 157 BALI REGION, INDONESIA. MW 5.4 (HRV). mb 5.2 (GS). Mo 1.3*10**17
Nm (HRV). One person killed and two injured at Denpasar. Felt
(V) at Mataram, Lombok and (II) at Banyuwangi, Java.
SEP 21 13 32 30.8 54.841 N 19.912 E 10 A 4.8 1.2 224 POLAND. MW 4.8 (HRV). mb 4.9 (GS). ML 4.8 (CLL), 4.7 (BRG). Mo
1.6*10**16 Nm (HRV). At least three people injured and seventeen
houses damaged (VI) at Kaliningrad, Russia. Damage to railroad
tracks near Svetlogorsk, Russia. Minor damage occured at
Suwalki, Poland. Felt (II) at Saint Petersburg, Russia. Felt
throughout Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and northern
Poland. Also felt in the areas of Copenhagen, Denmark; Helsinki,
Finland; Oslo, Norway; and in southern Sweden.
OCT 06 14 40 39.9 35.950 N 139.919 E 64 D 5.8 0.8 405 NEAR THE SOUTH COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 5.8 (HRV), 5.7 (GS),
5.7 (NIED). mb 5.5 (GS). Mo 4.8*10**17 Nm (HRV), 4.5*10**17 Nm
(GS), 4.5*10**17 Nm (NIED). One person injured and two houses
damaged at Temma. Felt in Chiba, Gumma, Ibaraki, Kanagawa,
Nagano, Shizuoka and Tokyo Prefectures. Recorded (5L JMA) in
Ibaraki, Saitama and Tochigi; (4 JMA) in Chiba, Gumma, Kanagawa
and Tokyo; (3 JMA) in Fukui, Nagano, Shizuoka and Yamanashi; (2
JMA) in Miyagi; (1 JMA) in Aichi, Gifu, Iwate and Yamagata
Prefectures. Also recorded (2 JMA) on O-shima and (1 JMA) on
Hachijo-jima, Kozu-shima, Miyake-jima and Nii-jima.
OCT 07 21 46 20.3 37.125 N 54.477 E 35 D 5.6 0.8 526 NORTHERN IRAN. MW 5.6 (GS), 5.6 (HRV). mb 5.6 (GS). MS 5.4 (GS).
ML 6.0 (THR). Mo 3.2*10**17 Nm (HRV), 3.1*10**17 Nm (GS). At
least 60 people injured in Golestan. Felt as far west as Tehran.
OCT 08 08 27 53.5 10.951 S 162.161 E 36 G 6.8 0.9 545 SOLOMON ISLANDS. MW 6.8 (GS), 6.8 (HRV). mb 6.1 (GS). MS 6.9
(GS). ME 6.8 (GS). Mo 1.6*10**19 Nm (HRV), 1.5*10**19 Nm (GS).
Es 3.7*10**14 Nm (GS).
OCT 08 14 36 06.1 13.925 N 120.534 E 105 G 6.5 0.9 526 MINDORO, PHILIPPINES. MW 6.5 (GS), 6.4 (HRV). mb 6.3 (GS). ME 6.4
(GS). Mo 6.6*10**18 Nm (GS), 5.2*10**18 Nm (HRV), 5.1*10**18 Nm
(PPT). Es 7.6*10**13 Nm (GS). Power outages occurred in the
Manila area, Luzon. Felt (V PIVS) at Puerto Galera. Also felt (V
PIVS) at Los Banos, Malolos, San Fernando and Tagaytay; (IV
PIVS) at Buco and Talisay, Luzon. Felt on Mindoro and throughout
central and southern Luzon.
OCT 09 21 26 53.6 11.422 N 86.665 W 35 G 7.0 1.1 441 NEAR THE COAST OF NICARAGUA. MW 7.0 (HRV), 6.8 (GS). mb 6.0 (GS).
MS 7.0 (GS). ME 6.5 (GS). ML 6.8 (SNET). Mo 3.0*10**19 Nm (HRV),
2.0*10**19 Nm (GS), 3.2*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 1.1*10**14 Nm (GS).
Felt at Managua and in much of Nicaragua. Felt (IV) at San
Salvador, El Salvador. Felt as far north as Tegucigalpa,
Honduras and as far south as San Jose, Costa Rica.
OCT 15 04 08 50.2 24.530 N 122.694 E 94 6.7 0.9 698 TAIWAN REGION. MW 6.7 (GS), 6.6 (HRV). mb 6.4 (GS). ME 6.3 (GS).
Mo 8.7*10**18 Nm (HRV), 1.1*10**19 Nm (GS). Es 7.4*10**13 Nm
(GS). Several people injured and buildings damaged in T'ao-yuan
County. Felt throughout Taiwan. Also felt in much of the Ryukyu
Islands, Japan. Recorded (5 TAP) in Hua-lien and I-lan; (4 TAP)
in T'ai-chung, T'ai-pei, T'ai-tung, T'ao-yuan and Yun-lin; (3
TAP) in Chang-hua, Chia-i, Hsin-chu, Miao-li, Nan-t'ou and T'ai-
nan; (2 TAP) in Kao-hsiung and P'ing-tung Counties. Also
recorded (5L JMA) on Yonaguni-jima; (4 JMA) on Iriomote-jima and
Ishigaki-jima; (3 JMA) on Miyako-jima; (2 JMA) on Tarama-shima;
(1 JMA) on Amami-oshima and Kume-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan.
OCT 18 22 11 44.9 25.073 N 99.169 E 30 4.8 0.6 87 YUNNAN, CHINA. mb 4.8 (GS). MS 4.4 (GS). Twelve people injured
and more than 20,000 houses damaged or destroyed in the Baoshan
area. Felt strongly in Changning, Longling, Shidian and
Tengchong Counties.
OCT 23 08 56 00.8 37.226 N 138.779 E 16 G 6.6 1.1 782 NEAR THE WEST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 6.6 (HRV), 6.4 (GS), 6.7
(OBN), 6.6 (NIED). mb 6.4 (GS). MS 6.3 (GS). ME 6.5 (GS). Mo
8.6*10**18 Nm (HRV), 3.8*10**18 Nm (GS), 7.5*10**18 Nm (NIED),
2.4*10**19 Nm (PPT), 1.3*10**19 Nm (OBN). Es 1.4*10**14 Nm (GS).
At least 40 people killed, 3,183 injured and 6,000 buildings
destroyed or damaged in Niigata Prefecture. A high-speed train
derailed; several roads, bridges and rail lines damaged; at
least 1,300 landslides and 11 fires occurred; several gas, water
and power lines damaged in Niigata Prefecture. Felt in Chiba,
Fukushima, Gumma, Kanagawa, Miyagi, Saitama and Tokyo
Prefectures.
OCT 27 01 40 50.2 37.284 N 138.885 E 14 D 6.0 0.9 499 NEAR THE WEST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 6.0 (GS), 5.9 (HRV), 5.8
(NIED). mb 5.7 (GS). MS 5.4 (GS). ME 5.8 (GS). Mo 8.6*10**17 Nm
(HRV), 1.2*10**18 Nm (GS), 6.3*10**17 Nm (NIED). Es 1.3*10**13
Nm (GS). At least five people injured; one building destroyed
and some others damaged; water and gas lines broke in Niigata
Prefecture. Felt in Gumma, Kanagawa, Nagano, Saitama and Tokyo
Prefectures. Recorded (6L JMA) in Niigata; (4 JMA) in Fukushima,
Gumma and Saitama; (3 JMA) in Ibaraki, Ishikawa, Kanagawa,
Miyagi, Nagano, Tochigi, Tokyo, Toyama, Yamagata and Yamanashi;
(2 JMA) in Chiba, Gifu and Shizuoka; (1 JMA) in Aichi, Akita,
Aomori, Osaka and Shiga Prefectures. Also recorded (4 JMA) on
Sadoga-shima, (2 JMA) on Awa-shima and (1 JMA) on Hegura-jima
and Tobi-shima.
NOV 02 10 02 12.8 49.277 N 128.772 W 10 G 6.7 1.2 459 VANCOUVER ISLAND, CANADA REGION. MW 6.7 (GS), 6.6 (HRV), 6.6
(PGC). mb 5.8 (GS). MS 6.4 (GS). ME 6.9 (GS). Mo 8.6*10**18 Nm
(HRV), 1.1*10**19 Nm (GS), 1.1*10**19 Nm (PPT), 1.0*10**19 Nm
(PGC). Es 5.9*10**14 Nm (GS). Felt at Alert Bay, Bamfield, Port
Alice, Vancouver and Victoria.
NOV 03 23 57 28.1 37.434 N 138.752 E 10 G 5.3 0.7 193 NEAR THE WEST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 5.3 (HRV), 5.1 (NIED).
mb 5.4 (GS). MS 4.5 (GS). Mo 8.7*10**16 Nm (HRV), 5.6*10**16 Nm
(NIED). One person injured at Nagaoka. Felt in Niigata
Prefecture. Recorded (5U JMA) in Niigata; (3 JMA) in Fukushima,
Gumma, Ishikawa and Nagano; (2 JMA) in Ibaraki, Miyagi, Saitama,
Tochigi, Toyama and Yamagata; (1 JMA) in Shizuoka and Tokyo
Prefectures. Also recorded (3 JMA) on Sadoga-shima.
NOV 08 02 15 58.8 37.396 N 138.862 E 10 G 5.5 0.7 382 NEAR THE WEST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 5.5 (GS), 5.5 (HRV), 5.5
(NIED). mb 5.6 (GS). MS 5.0 (GS). Mo 2.3*10**17 Nm (HRV),
2.0*10**17 Nm (GS), 2.2*10**17 Nm (NIED). At least eight people
injured and a landslide occurred in Niigata Prefecture. Felt at
Tokyo. Recorded (5U JMA) in Niigata; (4 JMA) in Fukushima; (3
JMA) in Gumma, Ibaraki, Ishikawa, Nagano, Saitama and Yamagata;
(2 JMA) in Kanagawa, Miyagi, Tochigi, Tokyo, Toyama and
Yamanashi; (1 JMA) in Akita, Chiba and Shizuoka Prefectures.
Also recorded (2 JMA) on Sadoga-shima and (1 JMA) on Hegura-jima.
NOV 09 18 43 08.4 37.368 N 138.825 E 10 5.1 0.8 211 NEAR THE WEST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. MW 5.1 (HRV), 5.1 (NIED).
mb 5.2 (GS). MS 4.6 (GS). Mo 4.4*10**16 Nm (HRV), 4.4*10**16 Nm
(NIED). One person injured at Mitsuke. Felt in northern Honshu.
A minor landslide occurred near Tochio. Recorded (5L JMA) in
Niigata; (3 JMA) in Fukushima; (2 JMA) in Gumma, Ibaraki,
Ishikawa, Nagano, Saitama and Yamagata; (1 JMA) in Miyagi, Tokyo
and Tochigi Prefectures. Also recorded (2 JMA) on Sadoga-shima.
NOV 09 23 58 23.6 11.150 S 163.706 E 13 G 6.9 1.0 405 SOLOMON ISLANDS. MW 6.9 (GS), 6.9 (HRV). mb 6.6 (GS). MS 6.7
(GS). Mo 2.8*10**19 Nm (HRV), 2.2*10**19 Nm (GS), 5.4*10**19 Nm
(PPT).
NOV 11 17 34 52.0 11.128 S 162.208 E 10 G 6.7 1.1 233 SOLOMON ISLANDS. MW 6.7 (GS), 6.6 (HRV). mb 5.8 (GS). MS 6.6
(GS). ME 6.1 (GS). Mo 1.2*10**19 Nm (GS), 1.0*10**19 Nm (HRV),
7.6*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es 3.7*10**13 Nm (GS).
NOV 11 21 26 41.1 8.152 S 124.868 E 10 G 7.5 1.1 301 KEPULAUAN ALOR, INDONESIA. MW 7.5 (HRV), 7.4 (GS). mb 6.5 (GS).
MS 7.3 (GS). ME 7.4 (GS). Mo 2.1*10**20 Nm (HRV), 1.6*10**20 Nm
(GS), 6.6*10**19 Nm (OBN), 1.7*10**20 Nm (PPT). Es 3.2*10**15 Nm
(GS). At least 34 people killed, 400 injured, 781 buildings
destroyed and 16,712 damaged on Alor. Landslides blocked roads
in some areas. Felt (VIII) at Kalabahi. Felt (V) as far away as
Dili, East Timor.
NOV 15 09 06 56.5 4.695 N 77.508 W 15 G 7.2 0.9 708 NEAR THE WEST COAST OF COLOMBIA. MW 7.2 (GS), 7.2 (HRV). mb 6.6
(GS). MS 7.1 (GS). ME 7.4 (GS). Mo 7.6*10**19 Nm (HRV),
6.6*10**19 Nm (GS), 4.6*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 2.8*10**15 Nm (GS).
Two people seriously injured, four others slightly injured, at
least 154 buildings destroyed and 290 damaged in Bajo Baudo.
Seven people injured and at least 67 houses destroyed or damaged
at Buenaventura. One person injured and some buildings damaged
at Cerrito. Buildings damaged at El Cairo, Jamundi and Restrepo.
Some damage and power and telephone service interrupted at Cali.
Power interrupted at Bogota. Felt at Armenia, Quibdo and in much
of western and central Colombia. Felt lightly by people in tall
buildings at Quito, Ecuador. Earthquake lights observed in the
area.
NOV 17 21 09 13.1 20.068 S 178.710 W 623 D 6.6 1.0 510 FIJI REGION. MW 6.6 (GS), 6.5 (HRV). mb 5.9 (GS). ME 5.7 (GS). Mo
8.4*10**18 Nm (GS), 7.2*10**18 Nm (HRV), 5.5*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es
6.8*10**12 Nm (GS).
NOV 20 08 07 22.0 9.602 N 84.172 W 16 G 6.4 0.9 530 COSTA RICA. MW 6.4 (GS), 6.4 (HRV). mb 6.2 (GS). MS 6.3 (GS). ME
6.4 (GS). Mo 4.8*10**18 Nm (GS), 4.6*10**18 Nm (HRV), 5.5*10**18
Nm (PPT). Es 9.2*10**13 Nm (GS). Eight people killed and several
injured; 526 buildings damaged or destroyed; many roads and
bridges damaged; some landslides occurred in the San Jose area.
Water lines broke at Parrita and power outages occurred at
Quepos. Felt (VII) at Parrita and Quepos; (VI) at Damas, Failes
and Jaco; (V) at Alajuela, Monterrey, Naranjo, Puntarenas, San
Isidro, Turrialba and Zapote; (IV) at Batan, Bribri, Limon, Los
Chiles, Nicoya, Palmar Sur and Upala. Felt in much of Costa Rica.
NOV 21 11 41 07.7 15.679 N 61.706 W 14 G 6.3 1.0 672 LEEWARD ISLANDS. MW 6.3 (GS), 6.3 (HRV). mb 6.3 (GS). MS 6.1
(GS). ME 6.4 (GS). Mo 3.4*10**18 Nm (HRV), 3.2*10**18 Nm (GS),
7.1*10**18 Nm (PPT). Es 7.6*10**13 Nm (GS). One person killed,
at least two injured and several houses destroyed or damaged at
Trois-Rivieres; one person injured at Capesterre-Belle-Eau; ten
people slightly injured on Les Saintes; at least eight houses
destroyed and twenty-five damaged on Terre-de-Bas, Guadeloupe.
At least twenty houses damaged and power outages occurred in
northern Dominica. Felt in Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Kitts and
Nevis and as far as Saint Lucia.
NOV 22 04 01 30.4 33.297 N 47.977 E 36 D 5.0 1.1 268 WESTERN IRAN. MW 5.0 (HRV). mb 5.0 (GS). MS 4.0 (GS). Mo
3.7*10**16 Nm (HRV). Several people slightly injured and several
vehicles damaged by rockslides on the road between Khorramabad
and Pol-e Dokhtar. Some houses slightly damaged in the Pol-e
Dokhtar area.
NOV 22 20 26 23.9 46.676 S 164.721 E 10 G 7.1 1.1 585 OFF WEST COAST OF THE SOUTH ISLAND, N.Z. MW 7.1 (HRV), 7.0 (GS).
mb 6.4 (GS). MS 7.1 (GS). ME 6.9 (GS). Mo 5.6*10**19 Nm (HRV),
3.4*10**19 Nm (GS), 5.5*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 4.5*10**14 Nm (GS).
Minor damage at Invercargill and in the Southland-Otago area.
Felt in much of the South Island and as far north as Hamilton on
the North Island.
NOV 24 22 59 40.0 45.626 N 10.559 E 17 5.1 1.1 529 NORTHERN ITALY. MW 5.1 (HRV). mb 5.3 (GS). MS 4.6 (GS). ML 5.5
(FBB), 5.5 (LDG), 5.5 (GRF), 5.3 (STR), 5.1 (FUR), 5.0 (ZAMG).
Mo 4.5*10**16 Nm (HRV). At least nine people injured and many
buildings damaged in the Brescia area. Felt as far west as
Torino, as far south as La Spezia and as far east as Venice.
Also felt at Bern, Switzerland.
NOV 26 02 25 03.3 3.609 S 135.404 E 10 G 7.1 1.2 439 PAPUA, INDONESIA. MW 7.1 (HRV), 7.0 (GS). mb 6.2 (GS). MS 7.2
(GS). ME 6.8 (GS). Mo 5.5*10**19 Nm (HRV), 3.1*10**19 Nm (GS),
4.4*10**19 Nm (PPT). Es 3.5*10**14 Nm (GS). At least 32 people
killed, 130 injured, 328 buildings destroyed (VIII), airport and
seaport damaged and power outages occurred at Nabire. Damage
estimated at 55 million U.S. dollars. Felt (IV) at Serui, Yapen;
(III) at Biak, Biak and Timika, Papua.
NOV 28 02 35 13.4 26.525 S 113.834 W 10 G 6.6 1.4 265 EASTER ISLAND REGION. MW 6.6 (HRV), 6.5 (GS). mb 5.6 (GS). MS 6.1
(GS). Mo 9.0*10**18 Nm (HRV), 5.7*10**18 Nm (GS), 1.1*10**19 Nm
(PPT).
NOV 28 18 32 14.1 43.006 N 145.119 E 39 G 7.0 0.8 929 HOKKAIDO, JAPAN REGION. MW 7.0 (GS), 7.0 (HRV), 7.4 (OBN), 7.0
(NIED). mb 6.4 (GS). MS 6.7 (GS). ME 7.0 (GS). Mo 3.7*10**19 Nm
(GS), 3.7*10**19 Nm (HRV), 4.0*10**19 Nm (PPT), 3.4*10**19 Nm
(NIED), 1.6*10**20 Nm (OBN). Es 6.9*10**14 Nm (GS). At least 24
people injured; road damage occurred; power, natural gas and
railway service interrupted in the Bekkai-Kushiro-Nemuro area.
Minor damage to docks and buildings at Nemuro. A 10 cm tsunami
was recorded at Nemuro. Felt at Misawa, Honshu. Felt (IV) at
Yuzhno-Kuril'sk, Kunashir and (III) on Shikotan and at Kuril'sk,
Iturup. Recorded (5U JMA) in eastern Hokkaido, (4 JMA) in south-
central Hokkaido, (3 JMA) in southwestern Hokkaido and (1 JMA)
in northern Hokkaido. Also recorded (3 JMA) in Aomori, Iwate and
Miyagi; (2 JMA) in Akita, Ibaraki and Yamagata; (1 JMA) in
Fukushima, Kanagawa, Saitama, Shizuoka, Tochigi and Tokyo
Prefectures, Honshu.
DEC 01 17 42 24.7 36.848 N 3.448 E 10 G 4.5 0.9 120 NORTHERN ALGERIA. mb 4.5 (GS). At least 15 people injured, minor
damage to some buildings and power outages occurred in the
Boumerdas area. Felt at Algiers.
DEC 01 23 17 21.5 3.665 S 135.528 E 10 G 5.5 1.0 96 PAPUA, INDONESIA. MW 5.5 (GS), 5.5 (HRV). mb 5.3 (GS). MS 5.3
(GS). Mo 2.3*10**17 Nm (HRV), 2.0*10**17 Nm (GS). One person
killed in the Nabire area. Felt at Jayapura.
DEC 05 08 30 59.5 36.865 N 3.421 E 10 G 4.5 1.0 174 NORTHERN ALGERIA. mb 4.5 (GS). ML 4.7 (ALG). Forty-six people
injured in the Zemmouri area. Felt at Algiers.
DEC 06 14 15 11.8 42.900 N 145.228 E 35 G 6.8 0.8 759 HOKKAIDO, JAPAN REGION. MW 6.8 (GS), 6.8 (HRV), 6.8 (NIED). mb
6.5 (GS). MS 6.5 (GS). ME 6.7 (GS). Mo 1.5*10**19 Nm (GS),
1.5*10**19 Nm (HRV), 1.6*10**19 Nm (NIED), 1.0*10**19 Nm (PPT).
Es 2.7*10**14 Nm (GS). At least 4 people injured and power
outages occurred in the Kushiro area. Felt at Obihiro. Also felt
at Misawa and Sendai, Honshu. Recorded (5U JMA) in the Kushiro
area; (5L JMA) in the Obihiro area and in eastern Hokkaido; (4
JMA) in the Chitose-Tomakomai area and in south-central
Hokkaido; (3 JMA) in southwestern and central Hokkaido; (2 JMA)
in the Shibetsu area; (1 JMA) in northern Hokkaido. Also
recorded (3 JMA) in Aomori and Miyagi; (2 JMA) in Akita, Iwate
and Yamagata; (1 JMA) in Fukushima, Ibaraki, Niigata and
Shizuoka Prefectures, Honshu.
DEC 09 08 49 00.2 24.757 N 92.539 E 35 D 5.4 0.7 236 INDIA-BANGLADESH BORDER REGION. MW 5.4 (GS), 5.3 (HRV). mb 5.5
(GS). MS 4.7 (GS). Mo 1.6*10**17 Nm (GS), 1.1*10**17 Nm (HRV).
Several people slightly injured at Hailakandi, India. Minor
damage in Cachar, India. Felt in much of central and southern
Assam, India. Felt in eastern Meghalaya, India. Also felt at
Chittagong and in parts of eastern Bangladesh.
DEC 14 05 56 10.0 44.119 N 141.793 E 10 G 5.8 0.9 494 HOKKAIDO, JAPAN REGION. MW 5.8 (GS), 5.8 (HRV). mb 5.8 (GS). MS
5.3 (GS). Mo 6.2*10**17 Nm (GS), 4.8*10**17 Nm (HRV). Two people
injured at Obira and one at Haboro. Some buildings, roads and
water lines damaged at Tomamae. Felt in northern and western
Hokkaido. Recorded (5U JMA) in the Haboro area; (4 JMA) in the
Shibetsu-Numata area; (3 JMA) in the Otararea; (2 JMA) in the
Mombetsu area and much of western Hokkaido; (1 JMA) in the
Obihiro, Shari-Yubetsu and Setana areas. Also recorded (2 JMA)
on Rishiri-to.
DEC 14 23 20 13.3 18.958 N 81.409 W 10 G 6.8 1.0 639 CAYMAN ISLANDS REGION. MW 6.8 (GS), 6.8 (HRV). mb 6.2 (GS). MS
6.7 (GS). Mo 2.1*10**19 Nm (GS), 1.8*10**19 Nm (HRV), 1.2*10**19
Nm (PPT). Felt (VI) at Bodden Town and West Bay; (V) at George
Town, Grand Cayman. Felt (III-V) in many parts of Cuba. Also
felt at Cancun, Mexico and Half Way Tree and New Kingston,
Jamaica.
DEC 20 23 02 12.4& 37.042 N 28.206 E 5 5.3 456 WESTERN TURKEY. . MW 5.3 (HRV). mb 5.2 (GS). MS 4.7 (GS). Mo
1.1*10**17 Nm (HRV). Three people injured, some buildings
damaged and rockslides blocked a highway at Marmaris. Felt at
Bodrum, Datca and Izmir.
DEC 23 14 59 04.4 49.312 S 161.345 E 10 G 8.1 1.1 331 NORTH OF MACQUARIE ISLAND. MW 8.1 (HRV), 8.0 (GS). mb 6.5 (GS).
MS 7.7 (GS). ME 8.2 (GS). Mo 1.6*10**21 Nm (HRV), 1.0*10**21 Nm
(GS), 5.4*10**20 Nm (PPT). Es 5.2*10**16 Nm (GS). Felt
throughout Tasmania, Australia and in much of the South Island,
New Zealand.
DEC 26 00 58 53.4 3.295 N 95.982 E 30 G 9.0 1.2 601 OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA. MW 9.0 (HRV), 8.2 (GS).
mb 7.0 (GS). MS 8.8 (GS). ME 8.5 (GS). Mo 4.0*10**22 Nm (HRV),
2.6*10**21 Nm (GS), 2.1*10**21 Nm (PPT). Es 1.1*10**17 Nm (GS).
This is the third largest earthquake in the world since 1900
and is the largest since the 1964 Prince William Sound, Alaska
earthquake. In total, 227,898 people were killed or were missing
and presumed dead and about 1.7 million people were displaced
by the earthquake and subsequent tsunami in 14 countries in
South Asia and East Africa.
(In January 2005, the death toll was 286,000. In April 2005,
Indonesia reduced its estimate for the number missing by over 50,000.)
The earthquake was felt (IX) at
Banda Aceh, (VIII) at Meulaboh and (IV) at Medan, Sumatra and
(III-V) in parts of Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Maldives,
Myanmar, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand. The tsunami caused
more casualties than any other in recorded history and was
recorded nearly world-wide on tide gauges in the Indian, Pacific
and Atlantic Oceans. Seiches were observed in India and the
United States. Subsidence and landslides were observed in
Sumatra. A mud volcano near Baratang, Andaman Islands became
active on December 28 and gas emissions were reported in Arakan,
Myanmar.
A detailed summary of this event is given at the end of
this publication.
DEC 26 04 21 29.8 6.910 N 92.958 E 39 7.1 1.0 385 NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION. MW 7.1 (HRV). mb 6.1 (GS). MS 7.5
(GS). Mo 5.6*10**19 Nm (HRV).
DEC 26 09 20 01.6 8.879 N 92.375 E 16 * 6.6 1.1 353 NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION. MW 6.6 (HRV). mb 6.0 (GS). MS 6.6
(GS). Mo 1.0*10**19 Nm (HRV).
NOTABLE NORTH AMERICAN EARTHQUAKES
SEP 28 17 15 24.2& 35.819 N 120.364 W 9 6.0 363 CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. . MW 6.0 (HRV), 6.0 (BRK). mb 5.4 (GS).
MS 5.8 (GS). Mo 1.1*10**18 Nm (HRV), 9.8*10**17 Nm (BRK). Minor
damage (VI) at Parkfield, San Miguel and Shandon. Felt (V) at
Avenal, Bradley, Coalinga, King City, Lockwood, Paso Robles and
Templeton. Felt in much of California from Sacramento, Santa
Rosa and San Francisco south as far as Los Angeles and Orange
County. Also felt at Las Vegas and Reno, Nevada.
Compiled by Waverly J. Person and Pamela J. Benfield.
Hypocenters will be recomputed for December 2004.
THE SUMATRA-ANDAMAN ISLANDS EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI OF 26 DEC 2004
This is the third largest earthquake in the world since 1900 and is the
largest since the 1964 Prince William Sound, Alaska earthquake. The earthquake
itself caused severe damage and casualties in northern Sumatra, Indonesia and
in the Nicobar Islands, India. The earthquake casualties are included with the
tsunami statistics below.
The earthquake was felt at the following selected localities:
Indonesia: IX at Banda Aceh
VIII at Meulaboh
IV at Medan and Sampali
III at Bukittinggi, Parapat and Payakumbuh
Felt at Jakarta
India: VII at Port Blair, Andaman Islands
IV at Madras
III at Bengaluru and Vishakhapatnam
Felt at Bangalore, Bhubaneshwar, Calcutta and Kochi
Malaysia: V at Gelugor Estate
IV at Sungai Ara
III at Alor Setar, George Town, Kampong Tanjong Bunga,
Kuala Lumpur and Kulim
Thailand: V at Hat Yai
IV at Bangkok
III at Chiang Mai and Phuket
Myanmar: IV at Mandalay
III at Rangoon
Singapore: II on Singapore
Bangladesh: III at Dhaka
Felt at Chittagong
Sri Lanka: II at Kandy and in other parts of Sri Lanka
Maldives: IV at Male (nearly 2500 km from the epicenter)
Guam: Felt by people in a high rise building at Hagatna (more than
5400 km from the epicenter)
The tsunami from this earthquake caused extreme destruction in South Asia,
was recorded nearly world-wide and killed more people than any tsunami in
recorded history. In total, at least 283,100 people were killed, 14,100 are
missing and 1,126,900 were displaced by the earthquake and tsunami:
At least 108,100 people were killed, 127,700 are missing and presumed dead and
426,800 were displaced by the earthquake and tsunami in Aceh and Sumatera Utara
Provinces, Indonesia. About 70 percent of the small-scale fishing fleet was
destroyed. Tsunami runup heights of more than 30 meters were observed along the
west coast of Sumatra.
At least 30,900 people were killed, 5,400 missing and 552,600 displaced by the
tsunami in Sri Lanka, where wave heights were estimated to be 5-10 meters.
About 66 percent of the fishing fleet was destroyed and 10 of 12 major fishing
harbors in the country had some damage.
At least 10,700 people were killed, 5,600 missing and 112,500 displaced in
Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu and Andaman and Nicobar
Islands, India. Wave heights were estimated to be more than 20 meters
in the Andaman Islands and 10 meters on the east coast of India.
At least 5,300 people were killed, 8,400 injured and 3,100 missing along the
west coast of Thailand, where wave heights were estimated to be as high as
3-5 meters in the Phuket area.
The tsunami also caused casualties and/or damage in the following countries:
Somalia: at least 150 people killed and about 5,000 displaced.
Maldives: 82 people killed, 26 missing and more than 21,600 displaced.
Malaysia: 68 people killed, 6 missing and about 4,200 displaced.
Myanmar: 90 people killed, 10 missing and 3,200 displaced.
Tanzania: 10 people killed.
Seychelles: 3 people killed.
Bangladesh: 2 people killed.
Kenya: 1 person killed.
Madagascar: about 1,000 people displaced.
Mauritius: some damage.
Mozambique: tsunami was observed, but no damage reported.
In Australia, the tsunami caused minor damage at Geraldton and Mangles Bay.
A 30 centimeter wave was observed at Penguin Island. People were swept into
the ocean at Delambre Island and Geographe Bay, but all survived. The tsunami
was observed at Busselton.
Maximum tsunami heights, peak-to-trough in centimeters, were recorded at the
following selected tide stations:
Indian Ocean:
Kochi, India 130
Tuticorin, India 210
Vishakhapatnam, India 240
Diego Garcia, Chagos Archipelago 80
Colombo, Sri Lanka 260
Salalah, Oman 250
Lamu, Kenya 120
Zanzibar, Tanzania 80
Male, Maldives 210
Port Louis, Mauritius 210
Port Elizabeth, South Africa 273
Richards Bay, South Africa 165
East Ongul Island, Antarctica 75
Cocos Island, Australia 42
Esperance, Western Australia, Australia 80
Hillarys, Western Australia, Australia 90
Portland, Victoria, Australia 85
Mid-ocean, about 5 S, SSE of Sri Lanka 100 approximate
(from Jason 1 satellite altimeter)
Pacific Ocean:
Rosslyn Bay, Queensland, Australia 25
Spring Bay, Tasmania, Australia 60
Chatham Island, New Zealand 35
Jackson Bay, South Island, New Zealand 65
Napier, North Island, New Zealand 30
Timaru, South Island, New Zealand 80
Port Vila, Vanuatu 15
Nukualofa, Tonga 10
Suva, Fiji 11
Pago Pago, American Samoa 10
Nuku Hiva, French Polynesia 5
Noumea, New Caledonia 10
Severo-Kurilsk, Russia 29
Bella Bella, British Columbia, Canada 9
Tofino, British Columbia, Canada 15
Adak, Alaska, U.S. 21
Sand Point, Alaska, U.S. 28
Crescent City, California, U.S. 61
Point Reyes, California, U.S. 39
Port San Luis, California, U.S. 53
San Diego, California, U.S. 32
Hilo, Hawaii, U.S. 18
Kahului, Hawaii, U.S. 30
Neah Bay, Washington, U.S. 13
Cabo San Lucas, Mexico 24
Manzanillo, Mexico 80
Acajutla, El Salvador 32
Baltra Island, Galapagos, Ecuador 36
Callao, Peru 68
Arica, Chile 72
Puerto Williams, Chile 29
Valparaiso, Chile 18
Atlantic Ocean:
Cape Town, South Africa 96
Port Noloth, South Africa 50
Newlyn, United Kingdom 16
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 43
Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S. 22
Port Canaveral, Florida, U.S. 34
San Juan, Puerto Rico 4
Charlotte Amalie, Virgin Islands 18
Bermuda 12
Imbituba, Brazil 150 approximate
Rio de Janiero, Brazil 30
K. Abe has computed a tsunami magnitude (Mt) of 9.1 for this event.
Landslides and approximately 2 meters of subsidence were observed in Sumatra.
A mud volcano became active near Baratang, Andaman Islands on December 28.
Gas emissions were reported in Arakan, Myanmar. Seiches occurred in Jharkhand,
Maharashtra, Orissa and West Bengal, India and as far away as Tulsa County,
Oklahoma, United States. Water level fluctuations occurred in wells as
far away as Florida, Nebraska and Virginia, United States.
Principal sources:
U.N. Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Situation Reports and
ReliefWeb website as of 2 Feb 2005. For updates, see
http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/dbc.nsf/doc100?OpenForm.
A. Rabinovich and J. Gower, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Canada, website
http://www-sci.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/osap/projects/tsunami/default_e.htm.
NOAA, West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center, webpage on the Indian
Ocean tsunami, http://wcatwc.arh.noaa.gov/IndianOSite/IndianO12-26-04.htm.
K. Abe and Y. Tsuji, et al., Earthquake Research Institute, University
of Tokyo, Special Event Page, at
http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/topics/SUMATRA2004/index-e.html
S. Martin, Amateur Seismic Centre, Pune, India, Special Event page, at
http://asc-india.org/events/041226_bob.htm.
V. Dent, University of Western Australia, Asian Tsunami effects in Western
Australia, at
http://www.seismicity.segs.uwa.edu.au/welcome/asian_tsunami_in_wa
CNN website, at http://www.cnn.com/.
BBC World Service website, at http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/index.shtml.
Felt reports contributed to USGS "Did you feel it?" webpages, at:
http://pasadena.wr.usgs.gov/shake/ous/index.html.
Tectonic Summary:
The devastating earthquake of 26 December 2004 occurred as thrust-faulting on
the interface of the India plate and the Burma plate. In a period of minutes,
the faulting released elastic strains that had accumulated for centuries from
ongoing subduction of the India plate beneath the overriding Burma plate.
In a broad sense, the India and Australian plates move toward the north-
northeast with respect to the interior of the Eurasia plate with velocities of
about 60 mm/y in the region of the earthquake. In the region of northern
Sumatra and the Nicobar Islands, most of the relative motion of India/Australia
and the Eurasia plate is accommodated at the Sunda trench and within several
hundred kilometers to the east of the Sunda trench, on the boundaries of the
Burma plate. The direction in which India/Australia converges toward Eurasia
is oblique to the trend of the Sunda trench. The oblique motion is partitioned
into thrust-faulting and strike-slip faulting. The thrust faulting occurs on
the interface between the India plate and the western margin of the Burma plate
and involves slip directed at a large angle to the orientation of the trench.
The strike-slip faulting occurs on the eastern boundary of the Burma plate and
involves slip directed approximately parallel to the trench. The 26 December
main shock occurred as the result of thrust faulting on the western Burma-plate
boundary, but many strike-slip faulting aftershocks occurred on the eastern
plate boundary.
Currently available models of the 26 December main-shock fault displacement
differ in many interesting details, but are consistent in implying that fault-
rupture propagated to the northwest from the epicenter and that substantial
fault-rupture occurred hundreds of kilometers northwest of the epicenter. The
data upon which the modeling is based do not permit confident resolution of the
extent of rupture beyond about 500 km northwest of the main-shock epicenter.
The width of the earthquake rupture, measured perpendicular to the Sunda
trench, is estimated to have been about 150 kilometers and the maximum
displacement on the fault plane about 20 meters. The sea floor overlying the
thrust fault would have been uplifted by several meters as a result of the
earthquake.
The zone of aftershocks to the 26 December earthquake is over 1300 km long.
Because aftershocks occur on and very near the fault-planes of main shocks, the
length of the aftershock zone suggests that main-shock fault-rupture may have
extended north of the epicenter by an amount significantly larger than 500 km.
However, a great earthquake may also trigger earthquake activity on faults that
are distinct from the main-shock fault plane and separated from it by tens or
even hundreds of kilometers. We will not know until further analysis how much
of the 26 December aftershock zone may correspond to activity in the immediate
vicinity of the main-shock rupture, and how much may correspond to activity
remote from the main-shock rupture.
Since 1900, earthquakes similarly sized or larger than the 26 December
earthquake have been the magnitude 9.0 1952 Kamchatka earthquake, the magnitude
9.1 1957 Andreanof Islands, Alaska, earthquake, the magnitude 9.5 1960 Chile
earthquake, and the magnitude 9.2 1964 Prince William Sound, Alaska, earthquake.
All of these earthquakes, like the one on 26 December, were mega-thrust events,
occurring where one tectonic plate subducts beneath another. All produced
destructive tsunamis, although deaths and damage from the 26 December tsunami
far exceed those caused by tsunamis associated with the earlier earthquakes.
